USAID – The Complete Guide to Pangolin Species Identification: A Critical Tool in the Fight Against Wildlife Trafficking

Pangolins are among the world’s most trafficked mammals, yet they remain largely unknown to the general public. With all eight species now listed on CITES Appendix I—the highest level of international protection accurate identification has become crucial for conservation efforts and law enforcement.

Pangolins hold the unique distinction of being the only mammal covered entirely in scales made of keratin, the same material as human hair and nails. These remarkable creatures are comprised of four species each in Africa and Asia. When threatened, pangolins roll into an impenetrable ball for protection.

Despite their armored appearance, pangolins pose no threat to humans. These specialized mammals feed exclusively on ants and termites, making them invaluable natural pest controllers in their ecosystems.

This identification guide serves as more than just a field manual, it’s a crucial tool in combating wildlife trafficking. By enabling accurate species identification, it supports everything from customs enforcement to scientific research and successful prosecutions.

Every correctly identified shipment and rescued animal represents progress in ensuring these remarkable mammals survive for future generations. The eight pangolin species, each with unique characteristics and ecological roles, deserve protection as representatives of millions of years of evolutionary adaptation. Through accurate identification and dedicated conservation action, we can work to secure their future in the wild where they belong.

For more USAID Wildlife Complete Guide to Pangolin Species Identification materials, visit: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1M1IsOc2JogYR40MioBWLuXq87a4hDx0a